What is the goal of Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA)?

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) is a behavioral strategy that aims to encourage a desirable behavior while simultaneously decreasing an undesirable behavior. The primary goal is to reinforce a specified alternative behavior that serves a similar function to the undesired behavior. This technique is effective as it provides individuals with an acceptable option that meets their needs or desires, thus promoting positive behavioral change.

By focusing on reinforcing a different, more appropriate behavior, DRA helps reduce the occurrence of the unwanted behavior without necessarily eliminating it outright. It emphasizes the importance of providing individuals with alternatives rather than simply punishing or ignoring undesired actions. This approach fosters a more constructive learning environment where individuals can develop skills and behaviors that are socially acceptable and effective.

In comparison, the other options do not accurately represent the essence of DRA. Reinforcing every instance of behavior would not effectively distinguish between desirable and undesirable behaviors, while attempting to stop undesirable behavior completely can lead to frustration and may not teach the individual what to do instead. Lastly, rewarding only the lowest frequency of behavior does not align with the DRA framework, as DRA seeks to promote a specific alternative behavior rather than penalizing all other behaviors.