What is the primary effect of positive reinforcement on behavior?

Positive reinforcement fundamentally operates on the principle of strengthening behaviors by adding a rewarding stimulus following a desired behavior. This addition of a stimulus serves as an incentive, thereby increasing the likelihood that the specific behavior will be repeated in the future. For instance, providing praise, tokens, or privileges when a child completes their homework encourages them to continue to engage in that behavior.

In this context, the correct choice highlights that by adding a pleasurable or positive stimulus after a desired action, it enhances the frequency of that action occurring. This process is critical in behavioral interventions and therapy, as positive reinforcement aids in promoting adaptive behaviors while simultaneously discouraging maladaptive ones. Understanding this principle is essential for effectively applying behavioral methods in communication disorders and other contexts.